Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) is a three-drug antiretroviral regimen used to decrease the risk for HIV infection after less than 72 h from nonoccupational exposure to body fluids that might contain HIV. The most frequent side effects concern the gastro-intestinal intolerance, renal and hepatic toxicity, with no hormonal imbalance to have been yet reported.Case report: 24 years old male patient, consulted for palpitations, ...

Multiple subtypes of GnRH receptor (GnRHR) are present in individual vertebrate species. We found two distinct GnRHRs in tilapia, classified as type 1 and 3 (tGnRHR1/3). Amino-acid similarity between the receptors was calculated at 59%, with the different amino acids scattered throughout the receptors. We compared the sequence analysis and signal transduction of the two tGnRHRs, using the human GnRHR type 1 as a control. Sequence analysis revealed that all three receptors exhi...

The insulin gene is expressed almost exclusively in the β cells of the islets of Langerhans, where transcriptional control is conferred by cis-acting regulatory sequences located within 300–400 base pairs from the transcription start site. These elements bind β-cell restricted (e.g. PDX-1) and ubiquitous (E47) transcription factors. In non-β cells the insulin gene is localised within tightly packed (hetero) chromatin structures. Developments in under...

11BHSD1 is a NADP-dependant, bi-directional enzyme which inter-converts the glucocorticoid cortisol with its inactive metabolite cortisone. Follicular fluid (FF) from large antral ovarian follicles contains hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds which stimulate and inhibit 11BHSD1 enzyme activities, respectively. The objective of this study was to assess whether levels of these enzyme modulators change in FF during development of porcine follicles. Pooled samples of FF, aspirat...

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease encountered the leading cause of death in thyroid cancer survivals exceeding death by cancer itself. Etiological factors are the therapy used and the duration of exposure to this it, the diagnosis of cancer itself, or the factors that led to this cancer. We aim to evaluate cardiometabolic risk factors in an Algerian cohort of thyroid cancer survivals.Methods: The study includes a cohort of patients followed in the thyro...

There are still many questions remaining about the etiopathogenesis of thyroid cancer, themost common type of endocrine neoplasia. Numerous occupational and environmental exposureshave been shown to represent important risk factors that increase its incidence. Updated informationabout thyroid cancer diagnostics related to occupational and environmental risk factors is reviewedhere, considering an integrated risk assessment approach; new data concerning thyroid canceretiology a...

Objective: To analyze registry data on patients with acromegaly.Materials and methods: Russian hypothalamic and pituitary tumors registry database (on-line platform), which contains data on 3719 patients with acromegaly.Results: According to the database, highest prevalence of acromegaly per 100 000 inhabitants is registered in: Penza region (7.3), Kirov region (7.3), Krasnoyarsk region (6.2). Most common clinical presentations in ...

Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) accumulates in diverse clinical conditions but remains poorly understood. We have observed region-specific variation in MAT adipocyte development, regulation, size, lipid composition, gene expression and genetic determinants. Functionally, MAT is a disproportionate source of adiponectin. Early MAT formation in mice is conserved, whereas later development is strain dependent. Proximal, but not distal tibial, MAT is lost with 21-day cold exposure. Rat...

Most genetic mechanisms that are currently known to underlie developmental processes and human diseases are based on the analysis of a very small portion of the genome that encodes for protein-coding sequences. Novel sequence-based technologies, however, have recently disclosed that a major portion of the noncoding genome contains functional regulatory elements. It is thus reasonable to presume that the analysis of such elements can shed new light into developmental and cellul...

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) are important neuropeptides that are structurally related. They have been found to exert many physiological and pathophysiological effects through the activation of three specific receptors: PAC1R, VPAC1R, and VPAC2R. In tetrapods, PACAP and VIP are potent agonists to VPAC2R. In teleosts, we have previously identified a PHIR in goldfish which shares high level of sequence similarity ...